![]() ![]() The degree of pial coverage correlates with macrophage density and phagocytosis of CSF tracer. Heterogeneous pial architectures form variable sieve-like structures that differentially influence cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) transport along PVS. Furthermore, we demonstrate that pia is comprised of vascular and cerebral layers that coalesce in variable patterns along leptomeningeal arteries, often merging around penetrating arterioles. Yet, we show that pia is perforated and permissive to PVS fluid flow. Meningeal pia mater reportedly forms the outermost boundary that confines flow around blood vessels. spaces (PVS) drain brain waste metabolites, but their specific flow paths are debated. 9 Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. 8 Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. 7 Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA. ![]() 6 Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.5 Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.4 Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.3 Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.2 Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.1 Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA. ![]()
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